Islam, Iman and Ihsan

On the authority of ʻUmar (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: One day while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, there appeared before us a man whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black; no signs of travel could be seen on him, and none of us knew him. He sat down close by the Prophet ﷺ, rested his knees against his knees and placed his palms on his thighs, and said: “O Muhammad, tell me about Islam.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: “Islam is to testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayer, to give the zakat, to fast in Ramadan, and to make the pilgrimage to the House if you are able to do so.” He said: “You have spoken truly.” We were astonished at his questioning him and then declaring that he had spoken truly. He said: “Then tell me about Iman (faith).” He said: “It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in divine destiny, both the good and the evil thereof.” He said: “You have spoken truly.” He said: “Then tell me about Ihsan (excellence).” He said: “It is to worship Allah as though you see Him, and though you do not see Him, He surely sees you.” He said: “Then tell me about the Hour.” He said: “The one questioned about it knows no better than the questioner.” He said: “Then tell me about its signs.” He said: “That the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress, and that you will see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings.” Then he departed, and I stayed for a while. Then the Prophet ﷺ said: “O ʻUmar, do you know who the questioner was?” I said: “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He said: “That was Gabriel, who came to teach you your religion.”